Tag - Cave in Dziadowa Skała
Cave in Dziadowa Skała – a cave on the forested hill of Łężec in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, administratively belonging to Zawiercie, Skarżyce district. The cave is located in a rock wall called Dziadowa Skała located on the eastern slopes of the Łężec hill. The rock has the form of a low wall, which is part of the so-called Łężycki Wall, running from the northwest to the southeast and stretching for almost 500 m. The main opening of the cave with a south-eastern exposure is about 4 m high and 2 m wide. Behind the short corridor there is a large chamber measuring 10 × 5 m and up to 7 m high. In its ceiling there are many cracks leading to the surface of the rock, which makes the chamber visible. In its left part, behind the 5-meter high threshold, there is a side corridor leading out through an opening on the surface of the rock. In the ceiling of the right part of the chamber there is a narrow chimney 2.5 m high.
There are no dripstones in the cave. The silt is sandy-clayey, with a large amount of humus near the entrance. Due to the large opening, its climate is subject to the influence of the external environment. Inside there are numerous spiders (Meta), Triphosa moths and mosquitoes.
A bone ornament decorated with transverse cuts was found in the cave, which was considered the oldest artistic object found in Poland. A cache with a horse’s jaw was also found, which is attributed with ritual significance. The finds formed 4 cultural layers and included fragments of bones of a cave bear, horse, bison, reindeer, cave hyena, roe deer, Arctic fox, collared lemmings and other small mammals, as well as flint flakes and tools, pottery shards and a bolt head from the 13th century. Traces of prehistoric human presence in the cave date back to 50,000–38,000 BC.
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